Nginx link tracking for microservice architecture

<span class="hljs-section">server</span> {
    <span class="hljs-comment"># 定义$request_trace_id的值，在1.11.0之前，我们可以使用类似的方式声明</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment"># 只要能确保其值出现重复的可能性尽可能的小即可。 </span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute">set</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$request_trace_id</span> trace-id-<span class="hljs-variable">$pid</span>-<span class="hljs-variable">$connection</span>-<span class="hljs-variable">$bytes_sent</span>-<span class="hljs-variable">$msec</span>;
    <span class="hljs-attribute">location</span> / {
        <span class="hljs-comment"># ……</span>
        <span class="hljs-comment"># 将此trace_id传递给后端的server，通过header方式，此后我们既可以在环境中获取此header  </span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute">proxy_set_header</span> X-Request-Id <span class="hljs-variable">$request_trace_id</span>;  
    }
}

<span class="hljs-comment">---</span>
 <span class="hljs-comment">--- UUID</span>
 <span class="hljs-comment">--- Created by lry.</span>
 <span class="hljs-comment">--- DateTime: 2018/2/25 下午7:38</span>
 <span class="hljs-comment">--- Describe: 用系统/dev/urandom生成的随机uuid</span>
 <span class="hljs-comment">---</span>
 <span class="hljs-keyword">local</span> template =<span class="hljs-string">"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"</span>
 <span class="hljs-keyword">local</span> d = <span class="hljs-built_in">io</span>.open(<span class="hljs-string">"/dev/urandom"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"r"</span>):read(<span class="hljs-number">4</span>)
 <span class="hljs-built_in">math</span>.randomseed(<span class="hljs-built_in">os</span>.time() + d:byte(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>) + (d:byte(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>) * <span class="hljs-number">256</span>) + (d:byte(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>) * <span class="hljs-number">65536</span>) + (d:byte(<span class="hljs-number">4</span>) * <span class="hljs-number">4294967296</span>))
<span class="hljs-keyword">local</span> uuid=<span class="hljs-built_in">string</span>.gsub(template, <span class="hljs-string">"x"</span>,
  <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-params">(c)</span></span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">local</span> v = (c == <span class="hljs-string">"x"</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">and</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">math</span>.random(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0xf</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">or</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">math</span>.random(<span class="hljs-number">8</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0xb</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span>.format(<span class="hljs-string">"%x"</span>, v)
  <span class="hljs-keyword">end</span>)
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> uuid

<span class="hljs-comment"># Nnginx代理默认会把header中参数的 "_" 下划线去掉，所以后台服务器后就获取不到带"_"线的参数名</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute">underscores_<span class="hljs-keyword">in</span>_headers</span> <span class="hljs-literal">on</span>;

<span class="hljs-comment"># 设定日志格式</span>
<span class="hljs-attribute"><span class="hljs-built_in">log</span>_format</span> main  \<span class="hljs-string">'<span class="hljs-variable">$remote_addr</span> - <span class="hljs-variable">$remote_user</span> [<span class="hljs-variable">$time_local</span>] "<span class="hljs-variable">$request</span>" \'
                 \'<span class="hljs-variable">$status</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$body_bytes_sent</span> "<span class="hljs-variable">$http_referer</span>" <span class="hljs-variable">$upstream_http_request_id</span> \'
                 \'"<span class="hljs-variable">$http_user_agent</span>" "<span class="hljs-variable">$http_x_forwarded_for</span>"\';

server {
    location / {
        <span class="hljs-comment"># 如果请求头中已有该参数,则获取即可;如果没有,则使用</span><span class="hljs-variable"><span class="hljs-comment">$request_id</span></span><span class="hljs-comment">进行填充</span>
        <span class="hljs-built_in">set</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$temp_request_id</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$http_x_request_id</span>;
        <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-variable">$temp_request_id</span> = "") {
            <span class="hljs-built_in">set</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$temp_request_id</span> <span class="hljs-variable">$request_id</span>;
        }
        <span class="hljs-comment"># 屏蔽掉原来的请求头参数</span>
        proxy_<span class="hljs-built_in">set</span>_header  x_request_id        "";
        <span class="hljs-comment"># 设置向后转发的请求头参数</span>
        proxy_<span class="hljs-built_in">set</span>_header  X-Request-Id        <span class="hljs-variable">$temp_request_id</span>;
    }
}
</span>