How to use Golang's error wrapper?

In Golang, error wrappers allow you to create new errors by appending contextual information to the original error. This can be used to unify the types of errors thrown by different libraries or components, simplifying debugging and error handling. The steps are as follows: Use the errors.Wrap function to wrap the original error into a new error. The new error contains contextual information from the original error. Use fmt.Printf to output wrapped errors, providing more context and actionability. When handling different types of errors, use the errors.Wrap function to unify the error types.

Usage of error wrapper in Golang

Error wrapper is a feature in Golang that allows you to Creates a new error by adding additional context or information to the original error. This is useful when debugging and handling errors, especially when you use multiple libraries or components, each of which may throw its own error type.

To use an error wrapper, you can use the errors.Wrap function:

import "errors"

// 新建一个原始错误。
originalError := errors.New("原始错误")

// 使用 Wrap 函数创建一个带附加上下文的新错误。
newError := errors.Wrap(originalError, "附加上下文")

New ErrornewError has the following format:

附加上下文: 原始错误

This can help you provide more information in the log or error message, making the error more actionable:

fmt.Printf("错误：%v", newError) // 输出：附加上下文: 原始错误

Practical case

Suppose you are working on a Work in applications using multiple third-party libraries. One of the libraries throws an error of type MyError, while the other library throws an error of type YourError. To handle these errors, you can use the Wrap function to unify the error types:

// 处理 MyError 错误。
func handleMyError(err error) {
    newError := errors.Wrap(err, "my error handling code")
    // ...
}

// 处理 YourError 错误。
func handleYourError(err error) {
    newError := errors.Wrap(err, "your error handling code")
    // ...
}

// 在主函数中处理错误。
func main() {
    var err error
    
    // 模拟从 MyError 库抛出一个错误。
    if rand.Intn(2) == 0 {
        err = MyError("我的错误")
    } else {
        // 模拟从 YourError 库抛出一个错误。
        err = YourError("你的错误")
    }
    
    // 使用 Wrap 函数统一错误类型。
    newError := errors.Wrap(err, "主处理代码")
    
    // ... 处理新错误 ...
}

In this way, you can unify different error types and add additional context to each error, This simplifies debugging and error handling.

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