Go语言连接Bitcoin RPC的常见陷阱：认证与协议兼容性

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "encoding/base64"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

// JSONRPCRequest represents a standard JSON-RPC 1.0/2.0 request structure
type JSONRPCRequest struct {
    JSONRPC string        `json:"jsonrpc,omitempty"` // For JSON-RPC 2.0
    ID      interface{}   `json:"id"`
    Method  string        `json:"method"`
    Params  []interface{} `json:"params"`
}

// JSONRPCResponse represents a standard JSON-RPC 1.0/2.0 response structure
type JSONRPCResponse struct {
    JSONRPC string          `json:"jsonrpc,omitempty"`
    Result  json.RawMessage `json:"result"`
    Error   *JSONRPCError   `json:"error"`
    ID      interface{}     `json:"id"`
}

// JSONRPCError represents a standard JSON-RPC error structure
type JSONRPCError struct {
    Code    int    `json:"code"`
    Message string `json:"message"`
}

func main() {
    rpcUser := "your_rpc_username" // 替换为你的Bitcoin RPC用户名
    rpcPass := "your_rpc_password" // 替换为你的Bitcoin RPC密码
    rpcHost := "localhost"
    rpcPort := "8332" // Bitcoin主网默认端口

    // 构建认证字符串
    auth := rpcUser + ":" + rpcPass
    encodedAuth := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(auth))

    // 构建JSON-RPC请求体
    requestBody, err := json.Marshal(JSONRPCRequest{
        JSONRPC: "1.0", // Bitcoin RPC often uses 1.0, or is compatible with 2.0
        ID:      "go-jsonrpc-client",
        Method:  "getblockcount",
        Params:  []interface{}{}, // getblockcount typically takes no parameters
    })
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("Error marshaling request: %v\n", err)
        return
    }

    // 创建HTTP请求
    req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%s", rpcHost, rpcPort), bytes.NewBuffer(requestBody))
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("Error creating request: %v\n", err)
        return
    }

    // 添加HTTP Basic Authentication头
    req.Header.Add("Authorization", "Basic "+encodedAuth)
    req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")

    // 发送请求
    client := &http.Client{}
    resp, err := client.Do(req)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("Error sending request: %v\n", err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    // 读取响应
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("Error reading response body: %v\n", err)
        return
    }

    // 解析JSON-RPC响应
    var rpcResponse JSONRPCResponse
    if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &rpcResponse); err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("Error unmarshaling response: %v\n", err)
        return
    }

    if rpcResponse.Error != nil {
        fmt.Printf("RPC Error: Code %d, Message: %s\n", rpcResponse.Error.Code, rpcResponse.Error.Message)
        return
    }

    var blockCount float64 // Bitcoin RPC often returns numbers as float6