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ORACLE绑定变量BINDPEEKING

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Release: 2016-06-07 15:03:38
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欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 SQL exec :v := 2; PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。 SQL select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v; COUNT(*) ---------- 50000 SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor

欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入


    SQL> exec :v := 2;
    PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
    SQL> select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v;
    COUNT(*)
    ----------
    50000
    SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'advanced'));
    PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    SQL_ID3rg5r8sghcvb3, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v
    Plan hash value: 2957754476
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation      | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time   |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |    |   |   |   136 (100)|   |
    |   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE       |    | 1 | 4 ||   |
    |*  2 |   INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| ACS_TEST_TAB_RECORD_TYPE_I | 48031 |   187K|   136   (1)| 00:00:02 |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Peeked Binds (identified by position):
    --------------------------------------
    1 - :V (NUMBER): 2  --绑定变量窥探,绑定变量会影响最初硬解析的执行计划
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
    2 - filter("RECORD_TYPE"=:V)
    已选择49行。
    使用绑定变量窥测的好处是:可以帮助优化器在第一次硬解析时选择最优的执行计划。但是同时这也是其弊端:在第一次硬解析后,后面发生的所有解析都会使用第一次硬解析生成的执行计划,如果数据的分布是均匀的,问题不大,如果数据分布式倾斜的,那么第一次硬解析生成的执行计划未必是最优的,甚至可能是非常糟糕的。例如:
    SQL> show parameter optimizer_feat
    NAME     TYPE VALUE
    ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
    optimizer_features_enable     string 11.2.0.3.1
    SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;
    系统已更改。
    SQL> var v number;
    SQL> exec :v := 2;
    PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
    SQL> select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v;
    COUNT(*)
    ----------
    50000
    SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor);
    PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    SQL_ID3rg5r8sghcvb3, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v
    Plan hash value: 2957754476
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation      | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time   |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |    |   |   |   136 (100)|   |
    |   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE       |    | 1 | 4 ||   |
    |*  2 |   INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| ACS_TEST_TAB_RECORD_TYPE_I | 48031 |   187K|   136   (1)| 00:00:02 |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
    2 - filter("RECORD_TYPE"=:V)
    已选择19行。
    SQL> exec :v := 1
    PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
    SQL> select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v;
    COUNT(*)
    ----------
    1
    SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor);
    PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    SQL_ID3rg5r8sghcvb3, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = :v
    Plan hash value: 2957754476
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation      | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time   |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |    |   |   |   136 (100)|   |
    |   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE       |    | 1 | 4 ||   |
    |*  2 |   INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| ACS_TEST_TAB_RECORD_TYPE_I | 48031 |   187K|   136   (1)| 00:00:02 |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
    2 - filter("RECORD_TYPE"=:V)
    已选择19行。
    SQL> select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = 1;
    COUNT(*)
    ----------
    1
    SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor);
    PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    SQL_ID1pxm87f6yd0bp, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select count(*) from acs_test_tab where record_type = 1
    Plan hash value: 2956728990
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation  | Name       | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |       |       |       |     3 (100)|       |
    |   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE   |       |     1 |     4 |    |       |
    |*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN| ACS_TEST_TAB_RECORD_TYPE_I |     1 |     4 |     3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
    2 - access("RECORD_TYPE"=1)
    已选择19行。
    对于变量v的取值为1的执行计划和采用常量1的执行计划性能差距还是比较大的。
    总结:oracle在9i后引入变量窥测技术,该技术对于数据分布均匀的数据是非常合适的,但是对于分布倾斜的数据或者在OLAP系统中是不建议使用的。

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ORACLE绑定变量BINDPEEKING

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