根据您的代码，您正在使用 Vue3 Composition API。您的代码中缺少一些内容，这些内容可能无法让您的应用正常运行。

1. 正如其他人提到的，您不在属性中使用花括号。您使用

<img :src="variable"> // just use : in front of an attribute and it will consider as v-bind
<img v-bind:src="variable"> // or you directly use v-bind, less commonly used
<img :src="'static string'"> // no point doing this, but just a reference of how it works

2. 当您使用组合API时，您必须先导入ref等函数。

<template>
  <img :src="data">
  <img v-bind:src="data">
  <img :src="getimg()">
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'

const data = ref("./assets/4168-376.png") // prefer const over var cus this variable will never be reassigned

function getimg() {
   // why are you using data1.value tho? It should be data.value
   // also i don't think 'require' is needed here 
   return require(data1.value) // i just copy paste from your code
}
</script>

额外：当处理不需要参数的值时，通常使用计算会更好。请参阅 Vue 计算属性

<template>
   <img :src="data">
   <img v-bind:src="data">
   <img :src="getImg">
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue' // import it first

const data = ref("./assets/4168-376.png")

const getImg = computed(() => {
  return data.value
})