虽然MySQL可以用命令行安装，但是会对一些细节和不可控性不了解,所以选择源码安装
最新版本需要用boost库，所以要下载 mysql 和 boost, 下载链接如下:

    http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 
   
    选择source code,下载最后两个安装包: mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz, mysql-boost-5.7.14.gz
    http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.14.tar.gz
    http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz

1 安装MySQL

1.1 下载

    wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.14.tar.gz
    wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz


1.2 解压

    先解压mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz, 然后再解压mysql-boost-5.7.14.tar.gz
    这样能保证boost能解压到mysql-5.7.14/boost目录下

    tar -xvf mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz
    tar -xvf mysql-boost-5.7.14.tar.gz

1.3 安装

1.3.1 安装MySQL必须库

    apt-get update
    apt-get install bison openssl libncurses5-dev perl cmake

1.3.2 编译安装

    进入目录安装

    cd mysql-5.7.14  

    cmake . \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
    -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/data/mysql/data \
    -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
    -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
    -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
    -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
    -DWITH_BOOST=boost

    make && make install 

2.配置MySQL
    
    根据步骤1，MySQL安装在/usr/local/mysql目录下

    cd /usr/local/mysql
    ls 
    可以查看mysql目录

2.1 创建MySQL用户

    groupadd mysql
    useradd mysql -g mysql

2.2 创建MySQL数据目录,用来存储MySQL数据

    mkdir -p /opt/data/mysql/data            # 存放MySQL数据库数据
    mkdir -p /opt/data/mysql/log             # 存放MySQL日志，查看日常操作log和异常
    mkdir -p /opt/data/mysql/bin-log         # 存放MySQL bin log日志，用来同步数据
    chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/data/mysql     # root用户将mysql目录归mysql用户所有

2.3 配置MySQL
    cd /usr/local/mysql
    cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf     # 将my-default.cnf文件复制到/etc目录下，并命名为my.cnf
    vim /etc/my.cnf     # 打开my.cnf, 添加如下配置:

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8

server_id = 1
port = 3306

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql/mysql.pid 

log-bin = /opt/data/mysql/bin-log/mysql-bin 
sync-binlog = 1 

general_log = 1    
log-error = /opt/data/mysql/log/mysql_err.log
general_log_file = /opt/data/mysql/log/mysql.log

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8


2.4 初始化MySQL 

    cd /usr/local/mysql
    bin/mysqld  --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --initialize

    打开/opt/data/mysql/log/mysql.log, 查找初始化密码

    2016-07-05T08:31:20.363565Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9arAj*:r047g

    登陆 
    bin/mysql -u root -p 9arAj*:r047g 

    不修改密码不能操作
    mysql> show databases;
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
    
    修改密码
    mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
    mysql> flush privileges;

2.5 配置MySQL执行路劲

    vim /root/.bashrc    # 打开.bashrc文件，并记录一下内容

    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

    保存，退出

    source /root/.bashrc

    执行一下命令检验是否准确
    
    mysql -uroot -p123456

Mysql对linux支持很牛叉了，最少只需执行3条命令即可安装成功
这里有个教程，CentOS 7中安装Mysql
https://www.obneer.com/how-to...