php怎么实现图片验证码

//1.    创建画布
$img = imagecreatetruecolor(200,200);
//var_dump($img);

//2.    作画
//2.1   给画布分配颜色
$color = imagecolorallocate($img,255,255,255);
//echo $color;

//2.2   写入文字
$true = imagestring($img,5,50,90,'hello world',$color);
//var_dump($true);

//3.    保存输出内容
//3.1   输出
//告诉浏览器,内容是图片
//header('Content-type:image/png');
//imagepng($img);

//3.2   保存图片
imagepng($img,'hello.png'); // 保存到当前目录

//4.    释放资源
$res = imagedestroy($img);
var_dump($res);

//制作验证码图片

//获取验证码字符串
$captcha = '';
for($i = 0;$i < 4;$i++){
    //chr: 将数字转换成对应的字符(ASCII)
    switch(mt_rand(0,2)){
        case 0: //数字
            $captcha .= chr(mt_rand(49,57));
            break;
        case 1:    //大写字母
            $captcha .= chr(mt_rand(65,90));
            break;
        case 2: //小写字母
            $captcha .= chr(mt_rand(97,122));
            break;
    }
}
//echo $captcha;

//创建画布
$img = imagecreatetruecolor(200,200);

//给背景分配颜色
$bg = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255));

//填充背景色
imagefill($img,0,0,$bg);

//循环写入
for($i = 0;$i < 4;$i++){
    //分配文字颜色
    $txt = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150));

    //写入文字
    imagestring($img,mt_rand(1,5),60 + $i*20,90,$captcha[$i],$txt);
}

//输出
header('Content-type:image/png');
imagepng($img);

//释放资源
imagedestroy($img);

//中文验证码
header('Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8');

//创建画布
$img = imagecreatetruecolor(200,200);
//给背景分配颜色
$bg = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255));
//填充背景色
imagefill($img,0,0,$bg);

//写入内容
for($i = 0;$i < 4;$i++){
    //分配颜色
    $txt = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150));

    //获取随机中文
    $string = "今天我寒夜里看雪飘过怀着冷却了的心窝飘远方";
    
    $pos = mt_rand(0,strlen($string) - 1);
    $start = $pos - $pos % 3;        //utf-8取模3,GBK取模2

    //取三个长度(字符串截取)
    $target = substr($string,$start,3);

    //写入中文
    imagettftext($img,mt_rand(20,40),mt_rand(-45,45),40 + $i * 30, mt_rand(80,120),$txt,'simple.ttf',$target);

}

//输出图片
header('Content-type:image/png');
imagepng($img);

//销毁资源
imagedestroy($img);

//验证码工具类

class Captcha{
    //属性
    private $width;
    private $height;
    private $strlen;
    private $lines;     //干扰线数量
    private $stars;     //干扰点数量
    private $font;      //字体路径

    //构造方法:初始化属性
    public function __construct($info = array()){
        //初始化属性
        $this->width    = isset($info['width'])?$info['width']:146;
        $this->height    = isset($info['height'])?$info['height']:23;
        $this->strlen    = isset($info['strlen'])?$info['strlen']:4;
        $this->lines    = isset($info['lines'])?$info['lines']:10;
        $this->stars    = isset($info['stars'])?$info['stars']:50;
        $this->font        = isset($info['font'])?$info['font']:'fonts/AxureHandwriting-BoldItalic.otf';
    }

    //生成验证码图片
    public function generate(){
        //创建画布,给定背景色
        $img = imagecreatetruecolor($this->width,$this->height);
        $c_bg = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255));
        imagefill($img,0,0,$c_bg);

        //写入字符串
        $captcha = $this->getStr();
        
        //增加干扰点"*"
        for($i = 0;$i < $this->stars;$i++){
            //随机颜色
            $c_star = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(100,150),mt_rand(100,150),mt_rand(100,150));

            //写入*号
            imagestring($img,mt_rand(1,5),mt_rand(0,$this->width),mt_rand(0,$this->height),'*',$c_star);
        }

        //增加干扰线
        for($i = 0;$i < $this->lines;$i++){
            //随机颜色
            $c_line = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(150,200),mt_rand(150,200),mt_rand(150,200));

            //划线
            imageline($img,mt_rand(0,$this->width),mt_rand(0,$this->height),mt_rand(0,$this->width),mt_rand(0,$this->height),$c_line);
        }

        //随机颜色
        for($i = 0;$i < $this->strlen;$i++){
            $c_str = imagecolorallocate($img,mt_rand(0,100),mt_rand(0,100),mt_rand(0,100));
            imagettftext($img,mt_rand(10,20),mt_rand(-45,45),20 + $i * 30,mt_rand(14,$this->height - 6),$c_str,$this->font,$captcha[$i]);

        }
        
        //输出图片
        header('Content-type:image/png');
        imagepng($img);

        //释放资源
        imagedestroy($img);
    }

    //获取随机字符串
    //@return 字符串
    private function getStr(){
        //ASCII码表生成字符串
        $str = '';

        //循环生成
        for($i = 0;$i < $this->strlen;$i++){
            //随机选择数字,小写字母和大写字母
            switch(mt_rand(0,2)){
                case 0: //数字
                    $str .= chr(mt_rand(49,57));
                    break;
                case 1: //小写字母
                    $str .= chr(mt_rand(97,122));
                    break;
                case 2: //大写字母
                    $str .= chr(mt_rand(65,90));
                    break;
            }
        }

        //将验证码字符串保存到session
        $_SESSION['captcha'] = $str;

        //返回结果
        return $str;
    }

    /*
     * 验证验证码
     * @param1 string $captcha,用户输入的验证码数据
     * @return boolean,成功返回true,失败返回false
     */
    public static function checkCaptcha($captcha){
        //与session中的验证码进行验证

        //验证码不区分大小写
        return (strtoupper($captcha) === strtoupper($_SESSION['captcha']));
    }

}