Cron-Task-Implementierung von THINKPHP

<?php
define(&#39;MODE_NAME&#39;, &#39;cli&#39;);
// 检测PHP环境
if(version_compare(PHP_VERSION,&#39;5.3.0&#39;,&#39;<&#39;))  die(&#39;require PHP > 5.3.0 !&#39;);

define(&#39;APP_DEBUG&#39;, true);

// 定义应用目录
define(&#39;APP_PATH&#39;, __DIR__ . &#39;/Application/&#39;);

// 引入ThinkPHP入口文件
require __DIR__ . &#39;/ThinkPHP/ThinkPHP.php&#39;;

define('AUTO_CRON', true);
include __DIR__ . '/cli.php';

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `cron`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `cron` (
  `cron_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `expression` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `class` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `method` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `type` varchar(30) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `status` varchar(30) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `created_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
  `updated_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
  `run_at` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `ms` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `error` text COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`cron_id`),
  KEY `name` (`name`,`created_at`),
  KEY `cron_status_index` (`status`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

<?php
return array(
    &#39;version&#39; => &#39;1.0.0&#39;,
    &#39;beastalkd&#39; => array(
        &#39;process_untreated_queue&#39; => array(
            &#39;expression&#39; => &#39;* * * * *&#39;,
            &#39;class&#39; => &#39;Statistics\Model\PheanstalkModel&#39;,
            &#39;method&#39; => &#39;processUntreatedQueue&#39;
        )
    )
);

<?php
use Think\Log, Think\Db, Cron\Model\Cron;
$Model = new \Think\Model();
$Has = !$Model->query("SHOW TABLES LIKE &#39;cron&#39;")?false:true;

if(defined("AUTO_CRON") && $Has){
    class CronCommand
    {

        protected $_initializedJobs;
        protected $_jobs;
        protected $_now;

        public function __construct()
        {
            $this->_now = strtotime(date(&#39;Y-n-j H:i&#39;));
            import("Cron.Common.Cron.tdcron_entry",&#39;&#39;,&#39;.php&#39;);
            import("Cron.Common.Cron.tdcron",&#39;&#39;,&#39;.php&#39;);
        }

        /**
         * 这里是放要执行的代码
         */
        public function fire()
        {
            restore_error_handler();
            restore_exception_handler();
            $this->_initializedJobs = array();
            $jobs = M(&#39;cron&#39;)->where("status = &#39;initialized&#39;")->select();
            /**
             * @var $cron Cron
             * 已存在 cron
             */
            if($jobs) {
                $cron = new Cron();
                foreach ($jobs as $data) {
                    $cron->setData($data)->isNew(false);
                    $this->_initializedJobs[$data[&#39;name&#39;]] = $cron;
                }
            }

            /**
             * 新 cron
             */
            foreach ($this->getCronJobs() as $name => $cronJob) {
                if (isset($cronJob[&#39;expression&#39;])) {
                    $expression = $cronJob[&#39;expression&#39;];
                } else {
                    Log::write(&#39;Cron expression is required for cron job "&#39; . $name . &#39;"&#39;,Log::WARN);
                    continue;
                }
                if ($this->_now != tdCron::getNextOccurrence($expression, $this->_now)) continue;
                $cronJob[&#39;name&#39;] = $name;
                $cron = isset($this->_initializedJobs[$name]) ? $this->_initializedJobs[$name] : $this->_initializedJobs[$name] = new Cron();
                $cron->initialize($cronJob);
            }

            /* @var $cron Cron 处理*/
            foreach ($this->_initializedJobs as $cron) {
                $cron->run();
            }

        }


        /**
         * Get All Defined Cron Jobs
         * 获取配置
         * @return array
         */
        public function getCronJobs()
        {
            if ($this->_jobs === null) {
                $this->_jobs = C(&#39;beastalkd&#39;);
            }
            return $this->_jobs;
        }

    }
    $command = new CronCommand();
    $command->fire();
}

<?php
namespace Cron\Model;
use Common\Model;
use Think\Log;

/**
 * Class Cron
 * @method string getClass()
 * @method string getMethod()
 * @method string getName()
 * @method string getType()
 * @package Cron\Model
 */
class Cron extends Model{

    const STATUS_COMPLETED = &#39;completed&#39;;
    const STATUS_FAILED = &#39;failed&#39;;
    const STATUS_INITIALIZED = &#39;initialized&#39;;
    const STATUS_RUNNING = &#39;running&#39;;

    protected $name = &#39;cron&#39;;
    protected $tableName = &#39;cron&#39;;
    protected $pk = &#39;cron_id&#39;;

    protected $_originalData = array();
    /**
     *  保存配置信息CLASS
     */
    protected static $_cron_classes = array();


    /**
     * @param $class
     * @return mixed  获取配置的 CLASS
     */
    public function getSingleton($class)
    {
        isset(static::$_cron_classes[$class]) or static::$_cron_classes[$class] = new $class;
        return static::$_cron_classes[$class];
    }


    /**
     * @param $cronJob
     * @return $this
     * 初始化 任务状态
     */
    public function initialize($cronJob)
    {
        foreach ($cronJob as $k => $v) {
            $this->setData($k, $v);
        }
        $now = date(&#39;Y-m-d H:i:s&#39;);
        $this->setData(&#39;status&#39;,self::STATUS_INITIALIZED)->setData(&#39;created_at&#39;,$now)->setData(&#39;updated_at&#39;,$now)->save();
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return $this  run 命令
     */
    public function run()
    {
        $this->setData(&#39;run_at&#39;,date(&#39;Y-m-d H:i:s&#39;))->setData(&#39;status&#39;,self::STATUS_RUNNING)->save();
        Timer::start();
        try {
            $class = $this->getData(&#39;class&#39;);
            $method = $this->getData(&#39;method&#39;);
            if (!class_exists($class)) throw new \Exception(sprintf(&#39;Class "%s" not found!&#39;, $class));
            if (!method_exists($class, $method)) throw new \Exception(sprintf(&#39;Method "%s::%s()" not found!&#39;, $class, $method));
            $callback = array($this->getSingleton($class), $method);

            //new CLASS 使用操作方法
            // 执行配置里的 Statistics\Model\PheanstalkModel类 的 processUntreatedQueue 操作 
            call_user_func($callback);
            Timer::stop();
            $this->setData(&#39;ms&#39;,round(Timer::diff() * 1000))->setData(&#39;status&#39;,self::STATUS_COMPLETED)->save();

        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            Timer::stop();
            $this->setData(&#39;ms&#39;,round(Timer::diff() * 1000))
                ->setData(&#39;status&#39;,self::STATUS_FAILED)
                ->setData(&#39;error&#39;,$e->getMessage() . "\nParams:\n" . var_export($this->getDbFields(), true))->save();
            Log::write($e->getMessage() . "\n" . $e->getTraceAsString(),Log::ERR);
        }
        return $this;
    }

}

<?php

namespace Common;

use Think\Model as ThinkModel;

/**
 * Class Model
 * @package Common
 *
 * @property \Think\Db\Driver\Mysql $db DB instance
 */
abstract class Model extends ThinkModel {
   protected $_isNew = true;
   protected $_jsonFields = array();
   protected $_originalData = array();

   protected function _after_find(&$result, $options) {
      foreach ($this->_jsonFields as $field) {
         is_string($_data = fnGet($result, $field)) and $result[$field] = json_decode($_data, true);
      }
      $this->_originalData = $result;
      $this->_isNew = !$result;
      parent::_after_find($result, $options);
   }

   protected function _after_save($result) {
   }

   protected function _before_find() {
      $this->_originalData = array();
   }

   protected function _facade($data) {
      foreach ($this->_jsonFields as $field) {
         is_array($_data = fnGet($data, $field)) and $data[$field] = json_encode($_data);
      }
      return parent::_facade($data);
   }

   public function find($options = array()) {
      $this->_before_find();
      return parent::find($options);
   }

   public function getData($key = null) {
      return $key === null ? $this->data : $this->__get($key);
   }

   public function getOptions() {
      return $this->options;
   }

   public function getOriginalData($key = null) {
      return $key === null ? $this->_originalData : fnGet($this->_originalData, $key);
   }

   /**
    * Get or set isNew flag
    *
    * @param bool $flag
    *
    * @return bool
    */
   public function isNew($flag = null) {
      if ($flag !== null) $this->_isNew = (bool)$flag;
      return $this->_isNew;
   }

   public function save($data = &#39;&#39;, $options = array()) {
      if ($this->_isNew) {
         $oldData = $this->data;
         $result = $this->add($data, $options);
         $this->data = $oldData;
         if ($result && $this->pk && is_string($this->pk)) {
            $this->setData($this->pk, $result);
         }
         $this->_isNew = false;
      } else {
         $oldData = $this->data;
         $result = parent::save($data, $options);
         $this->data = $oldData;
      }
      $this->_after_save($result);
      return $result;
   }

   public function setData($key, $value = null) {
      is_array($key) ?
         $this->data = $key :
         $this->data[$key] = $value;
      return $this;
   }
}

<?php
namespace Cron\Model;
class Timer
{
    protected static $_start = array(0, 0);
    protected static $_stop = array(0, 0);

    public static function diff($start = null, $stop = null)
    {
        $start and self::start($start);
        $stop and self::stop($stop);
        return (self::$_stop[0] - self::$_start[0]) + (self::$_stop[1] - self::$_start[1]);
    }

    public static function start($microtime = null)
    {
        $microtime or $microtime = microtime();
        self::$_start = explode(&#39; &#39;, $microtime);
    }

    public static function stop($microtime = null)
    {
        $microtime or $microtime = microtime();
        self::$_stop = explode(&#39; &#39;, $microtime);
    }
}

<?php

define(&#39;IDX_MINUTE&#39;, 0);
define(&#39;IDX_HOUR&#39;, 1);
define(&#39;IDX_DAY&#39;, 2);
define(&#39;IDX_MONTH&#39;, 3);
define(&#39;IDX_WEEKDAY&#39;, 4);
define(&#39;IDX_YEAR&#39;, 5);

/*
 * tdCron v0.0.1 beta - CRON-Parser for PHP
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2010 Christian Land / tagdocs.de
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
 * associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
 * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
 * subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial
 * portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
 * NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
 * SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * @author Christian Land <devel@tagdocs.de>
 * @package    tdCron
 * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2010, Christian Land / tagdocs.de
 * @version    v0.0.1 beta
 */

class tdCron
{

   /**
    * Parsed cron-expressions cache.
    * @var mixed
    */
   static private $pcron = array();

   /**
    * getNextOccurrence() uses a cron-expression to calculate the time and date at which a cronjob
    * should be executed the next time. If a reference-time is passed, the next time and date
    * after that time is calculated.
    *
    * @access    public
    * @param     string $expression cron-expression to use
    * @param     int $timestamp optional reference-time
    * @return    int
    * @throws    Exception
    */
   static public function getNextOccurrence($expression, $timestamp = null)
   {
      try {
         // Convert timestamp to array
         $next = self::getTimestamp($timestamp);

         // Calculate date/time
         $next_time = self::calculateDateTime($expression, $next);
      } catch (Exception $e) {
         throw $e;
      }

      // return calculated time
      return $next_time;
   }

   /**
    * getLastOccurrence() does pretty much the same as getNextOccurrence(). The only difference
    * is, that it doesn&#39;t calculate the next but the last time a cronjob should have been executed.
    *
    * @access    public
    * @param     string $expression cron-expression to use
    * @param     int $timestamp optional reference-time
    * @return    int
    * @throws    Exception
    */
   static public function getLastOccurrence($expression, $timestamp = null)
   {
      try {
         // Convert timestamp to array
         $last = self::getTimestamp($timestamp);

         // Calculate date/time
         $last_time = self::calculateDateTime($expression, $last, false);
      } catch (Exception $e) {
         throw $e;
      }

      // return calculated time
      return $last_time;
   }

   /**
    * calculateDateTime() is the function where all the magic happens :-)
    *
    * It calculates the time and date at which the next/last call of a cronjob is/was due.
    *
    * @access    private
    * @param     mixed $expression cron-expression
    * @param     mixed $rtime reference-time
    * @param     bool $next true = nextOccurence, false = lastOccurence
    * @return    int
    * @throws    Exception
    */
   static private function calculateDateTime($expression, $rtime, $next = true)
   {
      // Initialize vars
      $calc_date = true;

      // Parse cron-expression (if neccessary)
      $cron = self::getExpression($expression, !$next);

      // OK, lets see if the day/month/weekday of the reference-date exist in our
      // $cron-array.
      if (!in_array($rtime[IDX_DAY], $cron[IDX_DAY]) || !in_array($rtime[IDX_MONTH], $cron[IDX_MONTH]) || !in_array($rtime[IDX_WEEKDAY], $cron[IDX_WEEKDAY])) {
         // OK, things are easy. The day/month/weekday of the reference time
         // can&#39;t be found in the $cron-array. This means that no matter what
         // happens, we WILL end up at at a different date than that of our
         // reference-time. And in this case, the lastOccurrence will ALWAYS
         // happen at the latest possible time of the day and the nextOccurrence
         // at the earliest possible time.
         //
         // In both cases, the time can be found in the first elements of the
         // hour/minute cron-arrays.
         $rtime[IDX_HOUR] = reset($cron[IDX_HOUR]);
         $rtime[IDX_MINUTE] = reset($cron[IDX_MINUTE]);
      } else {
         // OK, things are getting a little bit more complicated...
         $nhour = self::findValue($rtime[IDX_HOUR], $cron[IDX_HOUR], $next);

         // Meh. Such a cruel world. Something has gone awry. Lets see HOW awry it went.
         if ($nhour === false) {
            // Ah, the hour-part went wrong. Thats easy. Wrong hour means that no
            // matter what we do we&#39;ll end up at a different date. Thus we can use
            // some simple operations to make things look pretty ;-)
            //
            // As alreasy mentioned before -> different date means earliest/latest
            // time:
            $rtime[IDX_HOUR] = reset($cron[IDX_HOUR]);
            $rtime[IDX_MINUTE] = reset($cron[IDX_MINUTE]);

            // Now all we have to do is add/subtract a day to get a new reference time
            // to use later to find the right date. The following line probably looks
            // a little odd but thats the easiest way of adding/substracting a day without
            // screwing up the date. Just trust me on that one ;-)
            $rtime = explode(&#39;,&#39;, strftime(&#39;%M,%H,%d,%m,%w,%Y&#39;, mktime($rtime[IDX_HOUR], $rtime[IDX_MINUTE], 0, $rtime[IDX_MONTH], $rtime[IDX_DAY], $rtime[IDX_YEAR]) + ((($next) ? 1 : -1) * 86400)));
         } else {
            // OK, there is a higher/lower hour available. Check the minutes-part.
            $nminute = self::findValue($rtime[IDX_MINUTE], $cron[IDX_MINUTE], $next);
            if ($nminute === false) {
               // No matching minute-value found... lets see what happens if we substract/add an hour
               $nhour = self::findValue($rtime[IDX_HOUR] + (($next) ? 1 : -1), $cron[IDX_HOUR], $next);
               if ($nhour === false) {
                  // No more hours available... add/substract a day... you know what happens ;-)
                  $nminute = reset($cron[IDX_MINUTE]);
                  $nhour = reset($cron[IDX_HOUR]);

                  $rtime = explode(&#39;,&#39;, strftime(&#39;%M,%H,%d,%m,%w,%Y&#39;, mktime($nhour, $nminute, 0, $rtime[IDX_MONTH], $rtime[IDX_DAY], $rtime[IDX_YEAR]) + ((($next) ? 1 : -1) * 86400)));
               } else {
                  // OK, there was another hour. Set the right minutes-value
                  $rtime[IDX_HOUR] = $nhour;
                  $rtime[IDX_MINUTE] = (($next) ? reset($cron[IDX_MINUTE]) : end($cron[IDX_MINUTE]));

                  $calc_date = false;
               }

            } else {
               // OK, there is a matching minute... reset minutes if hour has changed
               if ($nhour <> $rtime[IDX_HOUR]) {
                  $nminute = reset($cron[IDX_MINUTE]);
               }

               // Set time
               $rtime[IDX_HOUR] = $nhour;
               $rtime[IDX_MINUTE] = $nminute;

               $calc_date = false;
            }
         }
      }

      // If we have to calculate the date... we&#39;ll do so
      if ($calc_date) {
         if (in_array($rtime[IDX_DAY], $cron[IDX_DAY]) && in_array($rtime[IDX_MONTH], $cron[IDX_MONTH]) && in_array($rtime[IDX_WEEKDAY], $cron[IDX_WEEKDAY])) {
            return mktime($rtime[1], $rtime[0], 0, $rtime[3], $rtime[2], $rtime[5]);
         } else {
            // OK, some searching necessary...
            $cdate = mktime(0, 0, 0, $rtime[IDX_MONTH], $rtime[IDX_DAY], $rtime[IDX_YEAR]);

            // OK, these three nested loops are responsible for finding the date...
            //
            // The class has 2 limitations/bugs right now:
            //
            // -> it doesn&#39;t work for dates in 2036 or later!
            // -> it will most likely fail if you search for a Feburary, 29th with a given weekday
            //    (this does happen because the class only searches in the next/last 10 years! And
            //    while it usually takes less than 10 years for a "normal" date to iterate through
            //    all weekdays, it can take 20+ years for Feb, 29th to iterate through all weekdays!
            for ($nyear = $rtime[IDX_YEAR]; (($next) ? ($nyear <= $rtime[IDX_YEAR] + 10) : ($nyear >= $rtime[IDX_YEAR] - 10)); $nyear = $nyear + (($next) ? 1 : -1)) {
               foreach ($cron[IDX_MONTH] as $nmonth) {
                  foreach ($cron[IDX_DAY] as $nday) {
                     if (checkdate($nmonth, $nday, $nyear)) {
                        $ndate = mktime(0, 0, 1, $nmonth, $nday, $nyear);
                        if (($next) ? ($ndate >= $cdate) : ($ndate <= $cdate)) {
                           $dow = date(&#39;w&#39;, $ndate);

                           // The date is "OK" - lets see if the weekday matches, too...
                           if (in_array($dow, $cron[IDX_WEEKDAY])) {
                              // WIN! :-) We found a valid date...
                              $rtime = explode(&#39;,&#39;, strftime(&#39;%M,%H,%d,%m,%w,%Y&#39;, mktime($rtime[IDX_HOUR], $rtime[IDX_MINUTE], 0, $nmonth, $nday, $nyear)));
                              return mktime($rtime[1], $rtime[0], 0, $rtime[3], $rtime[2], $rtime[5]);
                           }
                        }
                     }
                  }
               }
            }
         }

         throw new Exception(&#39;Failed to find date, No matching date found in a 10 years range!&#39;, 10004);
      }

      return mktime($rtime[1], $rtime[0], 0, $rtime[3], $rtime[2], $rtime[5]);

   }

   /**
    * getTimestamp() converts an unix-timestamp to an array. The returned array contains the following values:
    *
    *    [0]    -> minute
    *    [1]    -> hour
    *    [2]    -> day
    *    [3]    -> month
    *    [4]    -> weekday
    *    [5]    -> year
    *
    * The array is used by various functions.
    *
    * @access    private
    * @param    int $timestamp If none is given, the current time is used
    * @return    mixed
    */
   static private function getTimestamp($timestamp = null)
   {
      if (is_null($timestamp)) {
         $arr = explode(&#39;,&#39;, strftime(&#39;%M,%H,%d,%m,%w,%Y&#39;, time()));
      } else {
         $arr = explode(&#39;,&#39;, strftime(&#39;%M,%H,%d,%m,%w,%Y&#39;, $timestamp));
      }

      // Remove leading zeros (or we&#39;ll get in trouble ;-)
      foreach ($arr as $key => $value) {
         $arr[$key] = (int)ltrim($value, &#39;0&#39;);
      }
      return $arr;
   }

   /**
    * findValue() checks if the given value exists in an array. If it does not exist, the next
    * higher/lower value is returned (depending on $next). If no higher/lower value exists,
    * false is returned.
    *
    * @access    public
    * @param    int $value
    * @param    mixed $data
    * @param    bool $next
    * @return    mixed
    */
   static private function findValue($value, $data, $next = true)
   {
      if (in_array($value, $data)) {
         return (int)$value;
      } else {
         if (($next) ? ($value <= end($data)) : ($value >= end($data))) {
            foreach ($data as $curval) {
               if (($next) ? ($value <= (int)$curval) : ($curval <= $value)) {
                  return (int)$curval;
               }
            }
         }
      }
      return false;
   }

   /**
    * getExpression() returns a parsed cron-expression. Parsed cron-expressions are cached to reduce
    * unneccessary calls of the parser.
    *
    * @access    public
    * @param     string $expression
    * @param     bool $reverse
    * @return    mixed
    * @throws    Exception
    */
   static private function getExpression($expression, $reverse = false)
   {
      // First of all we cleanup the expression and remove all duplicate tabs/spaces/etc.
      // For example "*              * *    * *" would be converted to "* * * * *", etc.
      $expression = preg_replace(&#39;/(\s+)/&#39;, &#39; &#39;, strtolower(trim($expression)));

      // Lets see if we&#39;ve already parsed that expression
      if (!isset(self::$pcron[$expression])) {
         // Nope - parse it!
         try {
            self::$pcron[$expression] = tdCronEntry::parse($expression);
            self::$pcron[&#39;reverse&#39;][$expression] = self::arrayReverse(self::$pcron[$expression]);
         } catch (Exception $e) {
            throw $e;
         }
      }
      return ($reverse ? self::$pcron[&#39;reverse&#39;][$expression] : self::$pcron[$expression]);
   }

   /**
    * arrayReverse() reverses all sub-arrays of our cron array. The reversed values are used for calculations
    * that are run when getLastOccurence() is called.
    *
    * @access    public
    * @param    mixed $cron
    * @return    mixed
    */
   static private function arrayReverse($cron)
   {
      foreach ($cron as $key => $value) {
         $cron[$key] = array_reverse($value);
      }
      return $cron;
   }
}

<?php

/**
 * tinyCronEntry is part of tdCron. Its a class to parse Cron-Expressions like "1-45 1,2,3 1-30/5 January,February Mon,Tue"
 * and convert it to an easily useable format.
 *
 * The parser is quite powerful and understands pretty much everything you will ever find in a Cron-Expression.
 *
 * A Cron-Expression consists of 5 segments:
 *
 * <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">
 *  .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
 *  |   .------------- hour (0 - 23)
 *  |   |   .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
 *  |   |   |   .------- month (1 - 12)
 *  |   |   |   |  .----- day of week (0 - 6)
 *  |   |   |   |  |
 *  *   *   *   *  *
 * 

 * 1,2,3,4,5
 * 1-5
 * 10-20/*
 * Jan,Feb,Oct
 * Monday-Friday
 * 1-10,15,20,40-50/2
 *