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Teilen des Quellcodes eines in Python geschriebenen Crawler-Programms

高洛峰
Freigeben: 2017-03-07 16:08:56
Original
1766 Leute haben es durchsucht

Das Schreiben eines Crawlers ist eine komplexe, laute und sich wiederholende Aufgabe. Zu berücksichtigen sind unter anderem die Effizienz der Sammlung, die Behandlung von Link-Ausnahmen, die Datenqualität (die viel mit den Codierungsspezifikationen der Website zu tun hat) usw. Organisieren und schreiben Sie selbst ein Crawler-Programm. Ein einzelner Server kann die gleichzeitige Erfassung von 1 bis 8 Instanzen ermöglichen und diese dann in der Datenbank speichern.

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/local/bin/python
import sys, time, os,string
import mechanize
import urlparse
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
import re
import MySQLdb
import logging
import cgi
from optparse import OptionParser
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Name:    TySpider.py                              #
# Purpose:   WebSite Spider Module                     #
# Author:   刘天斯                                   #
# Email:    liutiansi@gamil.com                         #
# Created:   2010/02/16                              #
# Copyright:  (c) 2010                                #
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#


"""
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 定义 loging class;
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| 功能:记录系统相关日志信息。
| 
|
"""
class Pubclilog():
  def __init__(self):
    self.logfile = 'website_log.txt'

  def iniLog(self):
    logger = logging.getLogger()
    filehandler = logging.FileHandler(self.logfile)
    streamhandler = logging.StreamHandler()
    fmt = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s, %(funcName)s, %(message)s')
    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) 
    logger.addHandler(filehandler) 
    logger.addHandler(streamhandler)
    return [logger,filehandler]


"""
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 定义 tySpider class;
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| 功能:抓取分类、标题等信息
| 
|
"""
class BaseTySpider:

  #初始化相关成员方法
  def __init__(self,X,log_switch):

    #数据库连接
    self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(db='dbname',host='192.168.0.10', user='dbuser',passwd='SDFlkj934y5jsdgfjh435',charset='utf8')

    #分类及标题页面Community
    self.CLASS_URL = 'http://test.abc.com/aa/CommTopicsPage?'

    #发表回复页
    self.Content_URL = 'http://test.bac.com/aa/CommMsgsPage?'

    #开始comm值
    self.X=X

    #当前comm id取模,方面平均到表
    self.mod=self.X%5

    #Community文件下载页
    self.body=""

    #self.bodySoup对象
    self.soup=None

    #发表回复页下载内容变量
    self.Contentbody=""

    #发表回复页内容self.ContentbodySoup对象
    self.Contentsoup=None

    #日志开关
    self.log_switch=log_switch


  #======================获取名称及分类方法==========================
  def _SpiderClass(self,nextpage=None):
    if nextpage==None:
      FIXED_QUERY = 'cmm='+str(self.X)
    else:
      FIXED_QUERY = nextpage[1:]

    try:
      rd = mechanize.Browser()
      rd.addheaders = [("User-agent", "Tianya/2010 (compatible; MSIE 6.0;Windows NT 5.1)")]
      rd.open(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY)
      self.body=rd.response().read()
      #rd=mechanize.Request(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY)
      #response = mechanize.urlopen(rd)
      #self.body=response.read()

    except Exception,e:
      if self.log_switch=="on":
        logapp=Pubclilog()
        logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()
        logger.info(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY+str(e))
        hdlr.flush()
        logger.removeHandler(hdlr)
        return
    self.soup = BeautifulSoup(self.body)
    NextPageObj= self.soup("a", {'class' : re.compile("fs-paging-item fs-paging-next")})
    self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
    if nextpage==None:
      try:
        Ttag=str(self.soup.table)
        #print Ttag

        """
        ------------------分析结构体-----------------
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
          <tr>
            <td>
              <h1 title="Dunhill">Dunhill</h1>
            </td>
            <td valign="middle">
              <p class="fs-comm-cat">
                <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-cat"> </span> <a href="TopByCategoryPage?cid=211&ref=commnav-cat">中国</a> » <a href="TopByCategoryPage?cid=211&subcid=273&ref=commnav-cat">人民</a>
              </p>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </table>
        """

        soupTable=BeautifulSoup(Ttag)

        #定位到第一个h1标签
        tableh1 = soupTable("h1")
        #print self.X
        #print "Name:"+tableh1[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)

        #处理无类型的
        try:
          #定位到表格中符合规则“^TopByCategory”A链接块,tablea[0]为第一个符合条件的连接文字,tablea[1]...
          tablea = soupTable("a", {&#39;href&#39; : re.compile("^TopByCategory")})
          if tablea[0].string.strip()=="":
            pass
          #print "BigCLass:"+tablea[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)
          #print "SubClass:"+tablea[1].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)
        except Exception,e:
          if self.log_switch=="on":
            logapp=Pubclilog()
            logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()
            logger.info("[noClassInfo]"+str(self.X)+str(e))
            hdlr.flush()
            logger.removeHandler(hdlr)
          self.cursor.execute("insert into baname"+str(self.mod)+" values(&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)" %(self.X,-1,tableh1[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)))
          self.conn.commit() 
          self._SpiderTitle()
          if NextPageObj:
            NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0][&#39;href&#39;]
            self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL)
            return
          else:
            return


        #获取链接二对象的href值
        classlink=tablea[1][&#39;href&#39;]
        par_dict=cgi.parse_qs(urlparse.urlparse(classlink).query)
        #print "CID:"+par_dict["cid"][0]
        #print "SubCID:"+par_dict["subcid"][0]
        #print "---------------------------------------"
        
        #插入数据库
        self.cursor.execute("insert into class values(&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)" %(int(par_dict["cid"][0]),tablea[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)))
        self.cursor.execute("insert into subclass values(&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)" %(int(par_dict["subcid"][0]),int(par_dict["cid"][0]),tablea[1].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;))) 
        self.cursor.execute("insert into baname"+str(self.mod)+" values(&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)" %(self.X,int(par_dict["subcid"][0]),tableh1[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)))
        self.conn.commit() 
        
        self._SpiderTitle()
        if NextPageObj:
          NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0][&#39;href&#39;]
          self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL)

        self.body=None
        self.soup=None
        Ttag=None
        soupTable=None
        table=None
        table1=None
        classlink=None
        par_dict=None
      except Exception,e:
        if self.log_switch=="on":
          logapp=Pubclilog()
          logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()
          logger.info("[ClassInfo]"+str(self.X)+str(e))
          hdlr.flush()
          logger.removeHandler(hdlr)
    else:
      self._SpiderTitle()
      if NextPageObj:
        NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0][&#39;href&#39;]
        self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL)




  #====================获取标题方法=========================
  def _SpiderTitle(self):
    #查找标题表格对象(table)
    soupTitleTable=self.soup("table", {&#39;class&#39; : "fs-topic-list"})
    
    #查找标题行对象(tr)
    TitleTr = soupTitleTable[0]("tr", {&#39;onmouseover&#39; : re.compile("^this\.className=&#39;fs-row-hover&#39;")})
    """
    -----------分析结构体--------------
    <tr class="fs-alt-row" onmouseover="this.className=&#39;fs-row-hover&#39;" onmouseout="this.className=&#39;fs-alt-row&#39;">
      <td valign="middle" class="fs-hot-topic-dots-ctn">
        <p class="fs-hot-topic-dots" style="background-position:0 -0px" title="点击量:12"></p>
      </td>
      <td valign="middle" class="fs-topic-name">
        <a href="CommMsgsPage?cmm=16081&tid=2718969307756232842&ref=regulartopics" id="a53" title="【新人报到】欢迎美国人民加入" target="_blank">【新人报到】欢迎美国人民加入</a>
        <span class="fs-meta">
        <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-mini-reply"> </span>0
         /
         <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-pageview"> </span>12</span>
      </td>
      <td valign="middle">
        <a class="fs-tiny-user-avatar umhook " href="ProfilePage?uid=8765915421039908242" title="中国人"><img src="http://img1.sohu.com.cn/aa/images/138/0/P/1/s.jpg" /></a>
      </td>
      <td valign="middle" style="padding-left:4px">
        <a href="Profile?uid=8765915421039908242" id="b53" title="中国人" class="umhook">中国人</a>
      </td>
      <td valign="middle" class="fs-topic-last-mdfy fs-meta">2-14</td>
    </tr>
    """
    for CurrTr in TitleTr:
      try:
        #初始化置顶及精华状态
        Title_starred=&#39;N&#39;
        Title_sticky=&#39;N&#39;

        #获取当前记录的BeautifulSoup对象
        soupCurrTr=BeautifulSoup(str(CurrTr))

        #BeautifulSoup分析HTML有误,只能通过span的标志数来获取贴子状态,会存在一定误差
        #如只有精华时也会当成置顶来处理。
        TitleStatus=soupCurrTr("span", {&#39;title&#39; : ""})
        TitlePhotoViewer=soupCurrTr("a", {&#39;href&#39; : re.compile("^PhotoViewer")})
        if TitlePhotoViewer.__len__()==1:
          TitlePhotoViewerBool=0
        else:
          TitlePhotoViewerBool=1
        if TitleStatus.__len__()==3-TitlePhotoViewerBool:
          Title_starred=&#39;Y&#39;
          Title_sticky=&#39;Y&#39;
        elif TitleStatus.__len__()==2-TitlePhotoViewerBool:
          Title_sticky=&#39;Y&#39;

        #获取贴子标题
        Title=soupCurrTr.a.next.strip()

        #获取贴子ID
        par_dict=cgi.parse_qs(urlparse.urlparse(soupCurrTr.a[&#39;href&#39;]).query)

        #获取回复数及浏览器
        TitleNum=soupCurrTr("td", {&#39;class&#39; : "fs-topic-name"})
        TitleArray=string.split(str(TitleNum[0]),&#39;\n&#39;)
        Title_ReplyNum=string.split(TitleArray[len(TitleArray)-4],&#39;>&#39;)[2]
        Title_ViewNum=string.split(TitleArray[len(TitleArray)-2],&#39;>&#39;)[2][:-6]

        #获取贴子作者
        TitleAuthorObj=soupCurrTr("td", {&#39;style&#39; : "padding-left:4px"})
        Title_Author=TitleAuthorObj[0].next.next.next.string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)


        #获取回复时间
        TitleTime=soupCurrTr("td", {&#39;class&#39; : re.compile("^fs-topic-last-mdfy fs-meta")})

        """
        print "X:"+str(self.X)
        print "Title_starred:"+Title_starred
        print "Title_sticky:"+Title_sticky
        print "Title:"+Title

        #获取贴子内容连接URL
        print "Title_link:"+soupCurrTr.a[&#39;href&#39;]
        print "CID:"+par_dict["tid"][0]
        print "Title_ReplyNum:"+Title_ReplyNum
        print "Title_ViewNum:"+Title_ViewNum
        print "Title_Author:"+Title_Author
        print "TitleTime:"+TitleTime[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)
        """

        #入库
        self.cursor.execute("insert into Title"+str(self.mod)+" values(&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)" %(par_dict["tid"][0], \
                                     self.X,Title,int(Title_ReplyNum),int(Title_ViewNum),Title_starred,Title_sticky, \
                                     Title_Author.decode(&#39;utf-8&#39;),TitleTime[0].string.strip().encode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)))
        self.conn.commit()
        self._SpiderContent(par_dict["tid"][0])
      except Exception,e:
        if self.log_switch=="on":
          logapp=Pubclilog()
          logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()
          logger.info("[Title]"+str(self.X)+&#39;-&#39;+par_dict["tid"][0]+&#39;-&#39;+str(e))
          hdlr.flush()
          logger.removeHandler(hdlr)


  #======================获取发表及回复方法=======================
  def _SpiderContent(self,ID,nextpage=None):
    if nextpage==None:
      FIXED_QUERY = &#39;cmm=&#39;+str(self.X)+&#39;&tid=&#39;+ID+&#39;&ref=regulartopics&#39;
    else:
      FIXED_QUERY = nextpage[9:]

    rd = mechanize.Browser()
    rd.addheaders = [("User-agent", "Tianya/2010 (compatible; MSIE 6.0;Windows NT 5.1)")]
    rd.open(self.Content_URL + FIXED_QUERY)
    self.Contentbody=rd.response().read()

    #rd=mechanize.Request(self.Content_URL + FIXED_QUERY)
    #response = mechanize.urlopen(rd)
    #self.Contentbody=response.read()

    self.Contentsoup = BeautifulSoup(self.Contentbody)
    NextPageObj= self.Contentsoup("a", {&#39;class&#39; : re.compile("fs-paging-item fs-paging-next")})
    try:
      Tp=self.Contentsoup("p", {&#39;class&#39; : "fs-user-action"})
      i=0
      for Currp in Tp:
        if i==0:
          Ctype=&#39;Y&#39;
        else:
          Ctype=&#39;N&#39;
        #发表时间
        soupCurrp=BeautifulSoup(str(Currp))
        PosttimeObj=soupCurrp("span", {&#39;class&#39; : "fs-meta"})
        Posttime=PosttimeObj[0].next[1:]
        Posttime=Posttime[0:-3]
        #IP地址
        IPObj=soupCurrp("a", {&#39;href&#39; : re.compile("CommMsgAddress")})
        if IPObj:
          IP=IPObj[0].next.strip()
        else:
          IP=&#39;&#39;


        #发表/回复内容
        ContentObj=soupCurrp("p", {&#39;class&#39; :"fs-user-action-body"})
        Content=ContentObj[0].renderContents().strip()
        """
        print "ID:"+str(self.X)
        print "ID:"+ID
        print "Ctype:"+Ctype
        print "POSTTIME:"+Posttime
        print "IP:"+IP
        print "Content:"+Content
        """

        self.cursor.execute("insert into Content"+str(self.mod)+" values(&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%d&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;,&#39;%s&#39;)" %(ID,self.X,Ctype,Posttime,IP,Content.decode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)))
        self.conn.commit() 
        i+=1

    except Exception,e:
      if self.log_switch=="on":
        logapp=Pubclilog()
        logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()
        logger.info("[Content]"+str(self.X)+&#39;-&#39;+ID+&#39;-&#39;+str(e))
        hdlr.flush()
        logger.removeHandler(hdlr)

    #如“下一页”有链接刚继续遍历
    if NextPageObj:
      NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0][&#39;href&#39;]
      self._SpiderContent(ID,NextPageURL)


  def __del__(self):
    try:
      self.cursor.close()
      self.conn.close()
    except Exception,e:
      pass

#遍历comm范围
def initapp(StartValue,EndValue,log_switch):
  for x in range(StartValue,EndValue): 
    app=BaseTySpider(x,log_switch)
    app._SpiderClass()
    app=None

if __name__ == "__main__":
  
  #定义命令行参数
  MSG_USAGE = "TySpider.py [ -s StartNumber EndNumber ] -l [on|off] [-v][-h]"
  parser = OptionParser(MSG_USAGE)
  parser.add_option("-s", "--set", nargs=2,action="store", 
      dest="comm_value",
      type="int",
      default=False, 
      help="配置名称ID值范围。".decode(&#39;utf-8&#39;))
  parser.add_option("-l", "--log", action="store", 
      dest="log_switch",
      type="string",
      default="on", 
      help="错误日志开关".decode(&#39;utf-8&#39;))
  parser.add_option("-v","--version", action="store_true", dest="verbose",
      help="显示版本信息".decode(&#39;utf-8&#39;))
  opts, args = parser.parse_args()

  if opts.comm_value:
    if opts.comm_value[0]>opts.comm_value[1]:
      print "终止值比起始值还小?"
      exit();
    if opts.log_switch=="on":
      log_switch="on"
    else:
      log_switch="off"
    initapp(opts.comm_value[0],opts.comm_value[1],log_switch)
    exit();

  if opts.verbose:
    print "WebSite Scider V1.0 beta."
    exit;
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