Einige Zusammenfassungen über Designmuster im PHP-Internet

/**
 * 设计模式之单例模式
 * $_instance必须声明为静态的私有变量
 * 构造函数必须声明为私有,防止外部程序new类从而失去单例模式的意义
 * getInstance()方法必须设置为公有的,必须调用此方法以返回实例的一个引用
 * ::操作符只能访问静态变量和静态函数
 * new对象都会消耗内存
 * 使用场景:最常用的地方是数据库连接。
 * 使用单例模式生成一个对象后，该对象可以被其它众多对象所使用。
 */
class man
{
    //保存例实例在此属性中
    private static $_instance;

    //构造函数声明为private,防止直接创建对象
    private function __construct()
    {
        echo '我被实例化了！';
    }

    //单例方法
    public static function get_instance()
    {
        var_dump(isset(self::$_instance));
        
        if(!isset(self::$_instance))
        {
            self::$_instance=new self();
        }
        return self::$_instance;
    }

    //阻止用户复制对象实例
    private function __clone()
    {
        trigger_error('Clone is not allow' ,E_USER_ERROR);
    }

    function test()
    {
        echo("test");

    }
}

// 这个写法会出错，因为构造方法被声明为private
//$test = new man;

// 下面将得到Example类的单例对象
$test = man::get_instance();
$test = man::get_instance();
$test->test();

// 复制对象将导致一个E_USER_ERROR.
//$test_clone = clone $test;

 /**
     * 
     * 定义个抽象的类，让子类去继承实现它
     *
     */
     abstract class Operation{
         //抽象方法不能包含函数体
         abstract public function getValue($num1,$num2);//强烈要求子类必须实现该功能函数
     }
     
     
     
     /**
      * 加法类
      */
     class OperationAdd extends Operation {
         public function getValue($num1,$num2){
             return $num1+$num2;
         }
     }
     /**
      * 减法类
      */
     class OperationSub extends Operation {
         public function getValue($num1,$num2){
             return $num1-$num2;
         }
     }
     /**
      * 乘法类
      */
     class OperationMul extends Operation {
         public function getValue($num1,$num2){
             return $num1*$num2;
         }
     }
     /**
      * 除法类
      */
     class OperationDiv extends Operation {
         public function getValue($num1,$num2){
             try {
                 if ($num2==0){
                     throw new Exception("除数不能为0");
                 }else {
                     return $num1/$num2;
                 }
             }catch (Exception $e){
                 echo "错误信息：".$e->getMessage();
             }
         }
     }

 /**
     * 求余类（remainder）
     *
     */
    class OperationRem extends Operation {
        public function getValue($num1,$num2){
            return $num1%$num12;
        }
    }

/**
     * 工程类，主要用来创建对象
     * 功能：根据输入的运算符号，工厂就能实例化出合适的对象
     *
     */
    class Factory{
        public static function createObj($operate){
            switch ($operate){
                case '+':
                    return new OperationAdd();
                    break;
                case '-':
                    return new OperationSub();
                    break;
                case '*':
                    return new OperationSub();
                    break;
                case '/':
                    return new OperationDiv();
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    $test=Factory::createObj('/');
    $result=$test->getValue(23,0);
    echo $result;

class MyObserver1 implements SplObserver {
    public function update(SplSubject $subject) {
        echo __CLASS__ . ' - ' . $subject->getName();
    }
}

class MyObserver2 implements SplObserver {
    public function update(SplSubject $subject) {
        echo __CLASS__ . ' - ' . $subject->getName();
    }
}

class MySubject implements SplSubject {
    private $_observers;
    private $_name;

    public function __construct($name) {
        $this->_observers = new SplObjectStorage();
        $this->_name = $name;
    }

    public function attach(SplObserver $observer) {
        $this->_observers->attach($observer);
    }

    public function detach(SplObserver $observer) {
        $this->_observers->detach($observer);
    }

    public function notify() {
        foreach ($this->_observers as $observer) {
            $observer->update($this);
        }
    }

    public function getName() {
        return $this->_name;
    }
}

$observer1 = new MyObserver1();
$observer2 = new MyObserver2();

$subject = new MySubject("test");

$subject->attach($observer1);
$subject->attach($observer2);

//定义接口
interface IStrategy {
    function filter($record);
}

//实现接口方式1
class FindAfterStrategy implements IStrategy {
    private $_name;
    public function __construct($name) {
        $this->_name = $name;
    }
    public function filter($record) {
        return strcmp ( $this->_name, $record ) <= 0;
    }
}

//实现接口方式1
class RandomStrategy implements IStrategy {
    public function filter($record) {
        return rand ( 0, 1 ) >= 0.5;
    }
}

//主类
class UserList {
    private $_list = array ();
    public function __construct($names) {
        if ($names != null) {
            foreach ( $names as $name ) {
                $this->_list [] = $name;
            }
        }
    }
    
    public function add($name) {
        $this->_list [] = $name;
    }
    
    public function find($filter) {
        $recs = array ();
        foreach ( $this->_list as $user ) {
            if ($filter->filter ( $user ))
                $recs [] = $user;
        }
        return $recs;
    }
}

$ul = new UserList ( array (
        "Andy",
        "Jack",
        "Lori",
        "Megan" 
) );
$f1 = $ul->find ( new FindAfterStrategy ( "J" ) );
print_r ( $f1 );

$f2 = $ul->find ( new RandomStrategy () );