Wie erfasst man die Standardausgabe eines Skripts in Python?

Capturing stdout Output from Scripts in Python

When working with external scripts, it often becomes necessary to capture their stdout output for further processing. A common approach is to use the write() function to print the output, which can then be stored in a variable. However, this approach doesn't always work, as exemplified by the following script:

<code class="python"># module writer.py
import sys

def write():
    sys.stdout.write("foobar")</code>

To capture the output of the write() function, a solution involving the cStringIO module was proposed:

<code class="python">import sys
from cStringIO import StringIO

# setup the environment
backup = sys.stdout

# ####
sys.stdout = StringIO()     # capture output
write()
out = sys.stdout.getvalue() # release output
# ####

sys.stdout.close()  # close the stream 
sys.stdout = backup # restore original stdout

print out.upper()   # post processing</code>

However, there are more efficient and Pythonic ways to achieve this goal:

Using contextlib.redirect_stdout (Python 3.4+)

This method utilizes the contextlib.redirect_stdout context manager to temporarily redirect stdout output to a StringIO object:

<code class="python">from contextlib import redirect_stdout
import io

f = io.StringIO()
with redirect_stdout(f):
    help(pow)
s = f.getvalue()</code>

Using io.StringIO directly

Another approach is to directly create a StringIO object and manually route stdout output to it:

<code class="python">import io

output = io.StringIO()
sys.stdout = output
write()
sys.stdout.seek(0)
captured_output = output.read()</code>

By implementing these methods, developers can effectively capture and process script output without resorting to complex workarounds.

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