Welche Verwendungsszenarien gibt es für Thread-Pools in der C++-Multithread-Programmierung?

#include <condition_variable>
#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <queue>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

// 线程池类
class ThreadPool {
public:
    ThreadPool(int num_threads) : stop(false) {
        // 创建指定数量的线程并将其添加到线程池
        for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
            threads.emplace_back([this] {
                while (!stop) {
                    unique_lock<mutex> lock(mtx);
                    if (!tasks.empty()) {
                        // 从任务队列中获取任务
                        auto task = tasks.front();
                        tasks.pop();
                        // 执行任务
                        task();
                        // 通知条件变量任务已完成
                        cv.notify_one();
                    } else {
                        // 如果任务队列为空，则等待新任务
                        cv.wait(lock);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

    ~ThreadPool() {
        // 停止所有线程
        stop = true;
        cv.notify_all();

        // 等待所有线程完成
        for (auto& thread : threads) {
            thread.join();
        }
    }

    // 向任务队列添加任务
    void enqueue(function<void()> &&task) {
        unique_lock<mutex> lock(mtx);
        tasks.push(move(task));
        // 通知条件变量有新任务
        cv.notify_one();
    }

private:
    bool stop;  // 线程池停止标志
    mutex mtx;  // 用于保护任务队列和条件变量
    condition_variable cv;  // 用于等待新任务
    queue<function<void()>> tasks;  // 任务队列
    vector<thread> threads;  // 线程池中的线程
};

int main() {
    // 创建具有 4 个线程的线程池
    ThreadPool pool(4);

    // 向线程池添加 10 个任务
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        pool.enqueue([i] {
            cout << "Task " << i << " executed by thread " << this_thread::get_id() << endl;
        });
    }

    return 0;
}

Task 0 executed by thread 139670130218816
Task 1 executed by thread 139670129941952
Task 2 executed by thread 139670130082240
Task 3 executed by thread 139670130226176
Task 4 executed by thread 139670129949696
Task 5 executed by thread 139670130233920
Task 6 executed by thread 139670129957440
Task 7 executed by thread 139670130090080
Task 8 executed by thread 139670130241664
Task 9 executed by thread 139670129965184