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Go CQRS Command and Query Separation

CQRS is an architectural model that separates read and write operations. Its core lies in the process of write operations through commands and query operations, thereby improving system performance and maintainability. It is suitable for systems with large differences in read and write pressure, complex query logic or high concurrent response, such as e-commerce, social platforms and financial transaction systems. When implementing, the interface and model need to be separated, the model needs to be written to focus on consistency and verification, the reading model optimizes query efficiency, and the reading model can be updated through event-driven to ensure final consistency. When using it, you should start from small modules and evolve gradually, and pay attention to the consistency synchronization mechanism and monitoring. Not all projects are applicable, and the introduction of simple systems increases complexity.

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:15 AM

What is Trivial vs Non-Trivial in C ?

In C, "trivial" and "non-trivial" are used to describe how a compiler treats a specific type, especially in construction, destructuring, copying, and moving operations. 1. The trivial type has a simple memory layout and allows bit copying. For example, using memcpy, it meets: default or ordinary construction, destruction, copy and move operations, no virtual functions or base classes; 2. The non-trivial type contains user-defined constructs/destructors, virtual functions, non-trivial member variables, etc., which require special processing initialization and destruction; 3. The trivial type optimizes performance, suitable for low-level interfaces, serialization and other scenarios, and can be used through std::is_

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:09 AM

Standard Template Library (STL) in C

C STL improves code efficiency through containers, algorithms and iterators. 1. The container includes vector (dynamic array, suitable for tail insertion and deletion), list (bidirectional linked list, suitable for frequent intermediate insertion and deletion), map and set (based on red and black trees, automatic sorting and searching fast). When choosing, consider the use scenario and time complexity; 2. Algorithms such as sort(), find(), copy(), etc. operate the data range through iterators to improve universality and security. When using it, pay attention to whether the original data is modified and the iterator's validity; 3. Function objects and lambda expressions can be used for custom operations. lambdas are suitable for simple logic, and function objects are suitable for multiplexing or complex logic. At the same time, pay attention to capturing the list to avoid dangling references. Palm

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:07 AM

c++ stl

Building High-Performance Go Web Services

To write a good high-performance GoWeb service, you need to work hard on architecture, design and implementation. Specifically, it includes: 1. Use appropriate data structures and reduce memory allocation, such as sync.Pool cache objects, pre-allocated slices and buffers; 2. Reasonably select routing frameworks, such as Gin, Echo or Chi, and streamline middleware usage; 3. Control the number of concurrency of goroutines to avoid abuse and reasonably handle shared state; 4. Performance tuning is performed before going online, combining benchmark, pprof, Prometheus and other tools for testing and monitoring. These steps help build efficient and stable services.

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:06 AM

Basic PHP Configuration (php.ini)

To configure PHP, you need to find and modify the php.ini file. Common methods include using phpinfo() to view the path, enter php-ini or the default directory of the cloud server; common configuration items such as memory_limit is set to 128M or higher, upload_max_filesize and post_max_size are set to 20M and 21M respectively, max_execution_time is changed to 120, development environment display_errors is set to On, production environment is set to Off, date.timezone is set to Asia/Shanghai; when multiple environments, you need to pay attention to the configuration differences of different versions of PHP, and build

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:05 AM

php Configuration

Python iterate over JSON

Iterating through JSON data in Python mainly by understanding its corresponding data structure and using loop processing. 1. JSON objects correspond to Python dictionary, array corresponds to list, and data needs to be loaded first with json module; 2. You can directly use for loop to traverse the key-value pairs of the dictionary or elements in the list; 3. The nested structure can be processed layer by layer, and recursive traversal can be judged based on type; 4. In actual applications, it is recommended to add field existence checks, operate objects one by one when processing API returns data, and consider using a streaming parsing library for large data volumes to improve performance. Mastering these methods can efficiently process JSON data.

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:04 AM

python json

What are Rvalue References in C ?

RvaluereferencesinC 11enablemovesemanticsandperfectforwardingbydistinguishinglvaluesfromrvalues.1.Lvaluereferences(&)bindtonamed,persistentobjects,whilervaluereferences(&&)bindonlytotemporaries.2.Movesemanticsallowresourcestobetransferre

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:03 AM

c++

What is a mixin in Python?

A mixin is a class that provides additional functionality to other classes through inheritance, but it is not used independently in itself. Its core feature is that it is small and focused, usually without managing its own state, and is used to add specific behaviors. For example, you can use mixins to add logs, sorting, or comparison functions to multiple unrelated classes. The best scenarios for using mixin include: 1) sharing methods between classes that are not of the same type; 2) avoiding deep or confusing inheritance trees; 3) keeping the class responsibilities single. The method of writing mixin is: 1) Create a class that defines one or more methods; 2) Try not to include instance attributes or __init__ logic; 3) End with a Mixin when naming for identification. For example, LogMixin can add l to different classes

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:02 AM

Go Message Brokers: RabbitMQ, NATS, ZeroMQ

Select message middleware in Go project and match features according to requirements. If you need complete functions and stability, choose RabbitMQ; if you pursue lightweight and high-speed, NATS is more suitable; if you want to customize the communication process, ZeroMQ is the most flexible. RabbitMQ supports complex routing, persistence and multiple protocols, suitable for enterprise-level applications, but has low performance and complex deployment; NATS has low latency and high throughput, suitable for real-time communication and microservice interaction, simple deployment and Go ecologically friendly; ZeroMQ, as a communication library, provides ultimate performance and multiple transmission methods, and needs to handle details such as message serialization by itself, which is suitable for embedded or high-performance scenarios.

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:01 AM

Go for High-Frequency Trading Systems

Five key points should be paid attention to when building an efficient and reliable high-frequency trading system: First, network latency optimization, and millisecond-level response is achieved through hosting deployment, low-latency protocols and high-performance switches; Second, quickly process orders and market data, adopt event-driven architecture, in-memory database and binary protocols to improve efficiency; Third, the strategy should be simple but accurate, such as arbitrage, market making, etc., and pay attention to backtesting and delay simulation; Fourth, establish a strict risk control mechanism, including real-time monitoring, order restrictions, automatic circuit breaking and other functions; Fifth, comprehensive engineering capabilities, which need to take into account market understanding and underlying technology to balance speed and stability.

Jul 16, 2025 am 01:00 AM

What is std::any in C ?

std::any is a type-safe container introduced by C 17, which can dynamically store values of any type. Its core features and key points are as follows: 1. You can assign any type at any time, such as std::anyx=42; 2. You need to check the type before using std::any_cast(x) to obtain the value, otherwise an exception will be thrown; 3. Use .has_value() to determine whether it contains a value; it is suitable for plug-in systems, configuration management, event systems and other scenarios, but there are limitations such as performance overhead, runtime type checking and not supporting implicit conversion.

Jul 16, 2025 am 12:59 AM

Type erasure

C Google Test (gtest) tutorial for beginners

GoogleTest is a commonly used unit test framework in C. The installation method varies from system to system: Ubuntu is installed with apt and compiled manually, macOS is installed with Homebrew, Windows or users who need source code can download it through GitHub and build it with CMake; when writing test cases, use TEST macros to define test suites and use cases, and use EXPECT_EQ, EXPECT_NE and other assertions to verify the results. When compiling, link-lgtest-lgtest_main-lpthread is required; after the project is expanded, independent test files can be created for each module, and all tests can be run in a unified manner by the main program; common problems include errors in the header file path, failed links or failed tests.

Jul 16, 2025 am 12:58 AM

c++

XML Syntax Rules: A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners

TheessentialsyntaxrulesofXMLare:1)everyopeningtagmusthaveacorrespondingclosingtag,2)tagsmustbeproperlynested,3)thedocumentmusthaveasinglerootelement,4)XMLiscase-sensitive,and5)attributevaluesmustbeenclosedinquotes.TheserulesensureXMLdocumentsarewell-

Jul 16, 2025 am 12:58 AM

XML writing rules: Examples

ThekeyrulesforwritingXMLcorrectlyare:1)Ensurewell-formednessbyproperlyclosingandnestingtags,2)Useattributesjudiciouslyformetadata,3)Implementnamespacestoavoidelementnameconflicts,4)UtilizeCDATAsectionsforrawdata,and5)EmployXMLschemasforvalidationandc

Jul 16, 2025 am 12:56 AM